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MARINE ECOSYSTEMS IN W.A.: Deep Seas

Location of the deep seas

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Global Distribution of Cold Water Corals

SOURCE: Ocean Data Viewer, (UN environment programme), 2018, URL: https://data.unep-wcmc.org/ 

WHERE are the deep seas?

Characteristics of the Deep-Sea Environment

SOURCE: SPC-EU Deep Sea Minerals Project, Characteristics of the Deep-Sea Environment I (2013), URL: http://dsm.gsd.spc.int/public/files/meetings/TrainingWorkshop4/Day1_MS2_CindyD.pdf

Species and their adaptations

Seafloor bathymetry of the Perth Canyon Marine Park

Flythrough movie of Perth Canyon Marine Park, southwest Western Australia (west of Rottnest Island, on the edge of the continental shelf) showing seafloor bathymetry and marine life that occurs within the park. The park encompasses a diversity of geomorphic features, ranging from gently sloping soft sediment plains to near-vertical towering cliffs of exposed bedrock. This geodiversity extends from the head of Perth Canyon at the shelf break to the slope-confined submarine canyons that dissect the lower continental slope. Spanning almost 4.5 km of ocean depths, the Perth Canyon has a significant influence on the local ecosystem across the food chain. The size and location of the canyon is such that it promotes upwelling from the deep ocean, leading to plankton blooms that attract seasonal aggregations of larger pelagic fish, including whales. Over geological time, the canyon has evolved to provide extensive areas of potential seabed habitat suitable for deep-sea corals and sponges.

SOURCE: YouTube, GeoscienceAustralia, Seafloor bathymetry of the Perth Canyon Marine Park (2018), Duration 03:18, URL: https://youtu.be/BO-Ed2EPZZ4

The significance of deep seas for humans

What are deep seas (>400m)?

SOURCE: TED, David Gallo, Life in the Deep Ocean (1998), URL: https://www.ted.com/talks/david_gallo_life_in_the_deep_oceans?language=en#t-42327

Ocean Trench

Click on the diagram above to access the National Geographic article on ocean trenches.

SOURCE: National Geographic, Ocean Trench (1996-2020), URL: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/ocean-trench/

Example of an Indian Ocean FOOD WEB

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Energy and Food Webs

SOURCE: Education Development Centre, Oceans of Data Institute, Energy and Food Webs (2017) URL: https://oceantracks.org/library/general-ecology/energy-and-food-webs

THREATS to the deep sea habitat

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SOURCE: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Climate Change and the Ocean (2019), URL: https://www.mbari.org/climate-change/